Multi-fire push rod stapling device

ABSTRACT

A surgical stapling device includes a housing and a plurality of cartridges that are coupled together to form a barrel that is rotatably supported within the housing. Each of the cartridges defines a plurality of staple pockets, each supporting a staple. An anvil is coupled to the housing and is movable in relation to the barrel between an open position and a clamped position. A guide shaft extends through the housing and through the barrel. The guide shaft supports a sled and a clamping member. The sled is configured to translate through the barrel to eject the staples from an active cartridge of the plurality of cartridges in response to actuation of a push rod. After firing staples from the active cartridge, the sled and the guide shaft are configured to index or rotate the barrel within the housing to move a second cartridge of the plurality of cartridges to the active position upon retraction and subsequent movement of the sled through a second firing stroke.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/166,969 filed May 27, 2015, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates generally to a surgical stapling device for applying surgical fasteners to body tissue. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to an endoscopic surgical stapling device having a plurality of staple cartridges that are sequentially moved into alignment with an anvil assembly to allow a clinician to fire the stapling device a plurality of times without removing the stapling device from the surgical site.

Background of Related Art

Surgical stapling devices for joining tissue sections are commonly used in surgical procedures. The use of surgical stapling devices as compared to traditional stitching techniques reduces the time required to join and/or cut tissue, thus, reducing the time required to perform a surgical procedure. Reducing the time required to perform a surgical procedure minimizes the time a patient must be anesthetized and, thus minimizes trauma to the patient.

During endoscopic or laparoscopic procedures in which surgery is performed through small incisions or through narrow cannulas inserted through the small incisions in the skin, replacement of the staple cartridge or the loading unit, after firing requires removal of the surgical stapling device from the incision or cannula, replacement of the staple cartridge and/or loading unit and reinsertion of the surgical stapling device into the incision or cannula. This process increases the time required to perform the surgical procedure and increases the likelihood of infection.

It would be advantageous to provide a staple cartridge or loading unit that is capable of being fired a plurality of times before replacement of the staple cartridge or loading unit is required.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides in one aspect a surgical stapling device having a housing and a plurality of cartridges coupled together to form a barrel that is rotatably supported within the housing. Each of the cartridges defines a plurality of staple pockets and supports a plurality of staples. An anvil is pivotally coupled to the housing and is movable in relation to the barrel between an open position and a clamped position. Each of the cartridges is sequentially movable into an active position in alignment with the anvil. A guide shaft is rotatably supported within the housing and is rotatably coupled to the barrel such that rotational movement of the guide shaft causes corresponding rotational movement of the barrel. A sled is movably positioned within the housing to translate through the barrel to eject the staples from a first cartridge of the plurality of cartridges in the active position. The sled and the guide shaft are configured such that movement of the sled from a fully retracted position through a firing stroke and a retraction stroke causes the barrel to rotate to move a second cartridge of the plurality of cartridges to the active position.

In some embodiments, the plurality of cartridges includes three cartridges.

In certain embodiments, the guide shaft defines at least one cam channel that includes at least one guide surface and the sled includes a cam member. The cam member is movable into engagement with the at least one guide surface to rotate the barrel to move the second cartridge of the plurality of cartridges to the active position.

In embodiments, the at least one guide surface includes first and second guide surfaces and the cam member is positioned to engage the first guide surface during the firing stroke and to engage the second guide surface during the retraction stroke.

In some embodiments, engagement of the first guide surface of the guide shaft with the cam member of the sled moves the barrel through a first indexing step and engagement of the second guide surface of the guide shaft with the cam member of the sled moves the barrel through a second indexing step, wherein each of the first and second indexing steps rotates the barrel β degrees, wherein β is equal 360 divided by 2x, wherein x is the number of cartridges of the plurality of cartridges.

In certain embodiments, the plurality of cartridges includes three cartridges and each of the indexing steps rotates the barrel 60 degrees.

In embodiments, a push rod has a distal end operatively connected to the sled such that distal movement of the push rod causes distal movement of the sled.

In some embodiments, a clamping member is operatively connected to the push rod such that distal movement of the push rod causes distal movement of the sled and the clamping member.

In certain embodiments, the sled includes a plurality of pusher fingers and each of the cartridges defines a plurality of slots that communicate with the plurality of staple pockets. The plurality of pusher fingers are positioned to translate through the plurality of slots of the cartridge positioned in the active position to eject the plurality of staples from the cartridge in the active position.

In embodiments, the clamping member includes a hub positioned about the guide shaft, a vertical strut extending radially outwardly of the hub and a beam supported on an end of the vertical strut and extending transversely of the vertical strut. Each of the cartridges of the plurality of cartridges and the anvil define a knife slot. The vertical strut is positioned to extend through the knife slots of the cartridge in the active position and of the anvil to position the beam in engagement with an outer surface of the anvil such that distal movement of the clamping member within the cartridge assembly causes the anvil to move from the open position to the clamped position.

In some embodiments, the sled and the clamping member define longitudinal channels and the push rod includes distally extending rails, wherein the distally extending rails are received within the longitudinal channels of the sled and the clamping member to secure the push rod to the sled and the clamping member.

In certain embodiments, the longitudinal channels of the clamping member have a height that is greater than the height of the rails of the push rod such that the clamping member is movable about the guide shaft to move the beam of the clamping member in relation to the cartridge assembly.

In embodiments, a mounting member is secured to the proximal end of the housing and to a proximal end of the anvil by a pivot pin.

In embodiments, the mounting member defines an elongated slot that receives the pivot pin and the cartridge housing defines an elongated through bore that receives the pivot pin. The pivot pin is movable within the elongated slot of the mounting member and the elongated through bore of the cartridge housing to facilitate movement of the pivot pin and the proximal end of the anvil in relation to the proximal end of the mounting member and the proximal end of the cartridge housing.

In embodiments, the activation device includes a handle and an adaptor supported on a distal end of the handle and the surgical stapling device is supported on a distal end of the adaptor.

The present disclosure provides in another aspect a surgical stapling instrument including an activation device and a surgical stapling device. The surgical stapling device has a housing and a plurality of cartridges coupled together to form a barrel that is rotatably supported within the housing. Each of the cartridges defines a plurality of staple pockets and supports a plurality of staples. An anvil is pivotally coupled to the housing and is movable in relation to the barrel between an open position and a clamped position. Each of the cartridges is sequentially movable into an active position in alignment with the anvil. A guide shaft is rotatably supported within the housing and is rotatably coupled to the barrel such that rotational movement of the guide shaft causes corresponding rotational movement of the barrel. A sled is movably positioned within the housing to translate through the barrel to eject the staples from a first cartridge of the plurality of cartridges in the active position. The sled and the guide shaft are configured such that movement of the sled through at least one of a firing stroke and a retraction stroke causes the barrel to rotate to move a second cartridge of the plurality of cartridges to the active position.

In embodiments, the handle is electrically powered.

In some embodiments, each of the cartridges of the plurality of cartridges has a chip including an integrated circuit and the handle includes a processor which can read the chip of each of the cartridges of the plurality of cartridges to identify whether each cartridge of the plurality of cartridges has been fired.

In certain embodiments, the handle includes an LED screen for indicating the current status of the surgical stapling device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various embodiments of the presently disclosed surgical stapling device are described herein with reference to the drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a side perspective view from the distal end of one embodiment of the presently disclosed surgical stapling device with the anvil assembly in a clamped position;

FIG. 2 is a side perspective view from the proximal end of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side exploded, perspective view of one of the cartridges of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view through a portion of the cartridge shown in FIG. 4 with the staples positioned in the staple pockets of the cartridge;

FIG. 6 is a side perspective view of one of the staples of the cartridges shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view from the distal end of the sled of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a side, perspective, exploded view of the internal components of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 including the guide shaft, the sled, the clamping member, and the distal end of the push rod;

FIG. 9 is a side perspective view of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the housing, barrel and mounting assembly removed;

FIG. 9A is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 9B is an enlarged view of the proximal end of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the housing removed;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the longitudinal axis of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the push rod in a retracted position;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the longitudinal axis of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the push rod in a retracted position and the surgical stapling device articulated;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along section line 12-12 of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown in FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a side perspective exploded view of the guide shaft and barrel of the surgical stapling device;

FIG. 15 is a side perspective view of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the housing removed and the push rod;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along section line 16-16 of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown in FIG. 15;

FIG. 18 is a side view of the proximal end of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the surgical stapling device in the parked position;

FIG. 19 is a side view of the proximal end of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the housing and barrel removed and the surgical stapling device in the parked position;

FIG. 19A is a cross-sectional view taken along section line 19A-19A of FIG. 19;

FIG. 20 is a side view of the proximal end of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the surgical stapling device in the open jaw position;

FIG. 21 is a side view of the proximal end of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the housing and barrel removed and the jaws of the surgical stapling device in the open position;

FIG. 22 is a side perspective view of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the jaws of the surgical stapling device in the open position;

FIG. 23 is a side view of the proximal end of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the surgical stapling device in the clamped position;

FIG. 24 is a side view of the proximal end of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the housing and barrel removed and the surgical stapling device in the clamped position;

FIG. 25 is a side perspective view of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 in the clamped position;

FIG. 26 is a side view of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 as the surgical stapling device is being fired;

FIG. 27 is a side cross-sectional view of the proximal end of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 as the surgical stapling device is being fired;

FIG. 28 is a side perspective view of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1 after firing as the push rod is being retracted during a first indexing stage;

FIG. 29 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown in FIG. 28;

FIG. 30 is an enlarged view of the indicted area of detail shown in FIG. 29 after retraction of the push rod is complete and during a subsequent advancement of the push rod and a second indexing stage; and

FIG. 31 is a schematic view of an actuation device suitable for use with the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the present disclosure are now described in detail with reference to the drawings in which like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements in each of the several views. As used herein, the term “clinician” refers to a doctor, a nurse, or any other care provider and may include support personnel. Throughout this description, the term “proximal” refers to the portion of the device or component thereof that is closest to the clinician and the term “distal” refers to the portion of the device or component thereof that is farthest from the clinician. In addition, the term “endoscopic procedures” as used herein refers to any procedure performed through a small incision in the skin or through one or more cannulas and encompasses laparoscopic procedures, arthroscopic procedures, etc.

As described in detail below, the presently disclosed surgical stapling device includes a barrel, formed by a plurality of cartridges connected to each other, that is rotatably supported within a cartridge housing or channel. Each cartridge supports an array of staples and is movable within the cartridge housing to an active position in alignment with an anvil. A sled and a clamping member are supported on a guide shaft for movement through the barrel to engage staples supported within the cartridge in the active position, i.e., the active cartridge, to eject the staples from the cartridge. The guide shaft and the sled are configured to index or rotate the barrel after each use of the surgical stapling device to position a fresh cartridge in the active position to facilitate refiring of the stapling device.

FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate one embodiment of the presently disclosed surgical stapling device shown generally as 10. The surgical stapling device 10 includes a cartridge assembly 12 including a channel or housing 14, an anvil 16 pivotally secured to the housing 14 about a first axis “A”, a mounting assembly 18, a push rod 20 and an articulation rod 21. The housing 14 defines a chamber 22 (FIG. 27) that is dimensioned to rotatably receive a cylindrical barrel 24 (FIG. 14) described in detail below. The anvil 16 and the cartridge assembly 12 define a tool assembly 26 that is pivotally coupled to the mounting assembly 18.

Referring to FIG. 3, the anvil 16 has a proximal end having an outer surface defining a concavity 16 a and a pair of spaced flanges 28. Each of the spaced flanges 28 defines an opening 22 a that receives a pivot pin 30 to pivotally secure the anvil 16 to the housing 14 of the cartridge assembly 12. The concavity 16 a is configured to receive a beam 126 of a clamping member 40 to facilitate movement of the tool assembly 26 to an open position as described in detail below. The anvil 14 defines a plurality of staple deforming recesses 32, and a knife slot 34 that is positioned to receive a knife 37 as described in detail below.

The cartridge assembly 12 includes a guide shaft 36, a sled 38 and the clamping member 40 which are movably supported about the guide shaft 36, a push rod 42 and a plurality of cartridges 44 that are connected together to define the cylindrical barrel 24 (FIG. 14). Although three cartridges 44 are shown, it is envisioned that the barrel 24 can be formed from two or more cartridges 44, e.g., 2, 4, 5, etc. The cartridge housing 14 has a proximal end 46 that defines a bracket 48 and a transverse through bore 50 that receives the pivot pin 30 to secure the anvil 16 to the cartridge housing 14. Lock washers 30 a are provided on each end of the pivot pin 30 to secure the pivot pin to the housing 14 within the through bore 50. The through bore 50 is elongated such that the pivot pin 30 can move within the through bore 50 to allow the proximal end of the anvil 16 to move toward and away from the barrel 24 of the cartridge assembly 12 as described below. The bracket 48 defines an opening 52 that receives a pin 54 formed on an upper member 56 of the mounting assembly 18 to secure the cartridge assembly 12 to the mounting assembly 18. The bracket 48 is received in a recess 56 a in the upper member 56 to fixedly secure the cartridge housing 14 to the mounting assembly 18.

The mounting assembly 18 includes the upper member 56 and a lower member 58. As discussed above, the upper member 56 is secured to the bracket 48 of the cartridge housing 14 by the pin 54. The lower member 58 of the mounting assembly 18 is secured to the upper member 56 by a pair of pins 60. More specifically, each of the upper and lower members 56 and 58 defines openings 64 that receive the pins 60 to secure the upper and lower members 56 and 58 together. One of the pins 60 is positioned through an opening 66 in a distal end of the articulation rod 21 to secure the articulation rod 21 to the mounting assembly 18. As described below in further detail, linear movement of the articulation rod 21 pivots the mounting assembly 18 and the tool assembly 26 about an axis transverse to axis “A” (FIG. 1) The lower member 58 of the mounting assembly 18 defines two spaced elongated slots 68 that receive the pivot pin 30. The elongated slots 68 allow the pivot pin 30 to move within the slots 68 to allow the proximal end of the anvil 16 to move toward and away from the proximal end of the cartridge assembly 12 as described below.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, each cartridge 44 includes a cartridge body 70 defining a plurality of rows of staple pockets 72 and a knife slot 74. Each staple pocket 72 supports a staple as described in detail below. In embodiments, the body 70 defines three linear rows of staple pockets 72 on each side of the knife slot 74. Alternately, the body 70 may define one or more rows of staple pockets 72 on each side of the knife slot 74. Each cartridge body 70 has a distal end defining two spaced blind bores 76, and a coupling member 80 positioned on each of the side edges of the cartridge body 70. In embodiments, the coupling member 80 includes a dove-tail projection 80 a positioned along one side edge of the cartridge body 70 and a dove-tail groove 80 b positioned along an opposite side edge of the cartridge body 70 (FIG. 9B). The dove-tail projections 80 a and grooves 80 b facilitate attachment of each cartridge 44 to adjacent cartridges 44 to define the cylindrical barrel 24 (FIG. 9B). The blind bores 76 at the distal end of each cartridge 44 receive the legs 84 a of an end cap 84 of the guide shaft 36 to secure the cartridges 26 in a radially and axially fixed position in relation to each other and to rotatably fix the guide shaft 36 to the barrel 24. The end cap 84 is fixedly secured to the distal end of the guide shaft 36 such that rotation of the guide shaft 36 causes rotation of the barrel 24. In addition, the end cap 84 is rotatably supported in the distal end of the housing 14 of the cartridge assembly 12 to rotatably support the guide shaft 36 within the housing 14. The inner surface of the housing 14 of the cartridge assembly 12 includes an annular flange 14 a (FIG. 13) that retains the barrel 24 in a distal end of the housing 14.

Each cartridge body 70 defines a plurality of slots 86 (FIG. 9B), wherein each slot 86 is aligned with a row of staples 90. In the illustrated embodiment, each cartridge body 70 defines three rows of staples 90 on each side of the knife slot 74 and, thus, defines three slots 86 on each side of the knife slot 74.

Referring also to FIG. 6, each staple pocket 72 has a curved distal wall 92, a curved proximal wall 94 and angled shelf 96 that extends between the distal and proximal walls 92, 94. Each of the staples 90 includes the backspan 90 a, a first leg 90 b and a second leg 90 c. The shelf 96 supports the backspan 90 a of the staple 90. The first leg 90 b extends from one end of the backspan 90 a and is elongated and curved. When a staple 90 is supported in the staple pocket 72, the first leg 90 b is positioned adjacent to the curved distal wall 92 of a respective staple pocket 72. The second leg 90 c has a length that is substantially shorter than the length of the first leg 90 b and is positioned adjacent the proximal wall 94 of the staple pocket 72. In embodiments, the first leg 90 b has a length between 2 and 10 times greater than the length of the second leg 90 c. In certain embodiments, the first leg 90 b has a length between 4 and 8 times greater than the length of the second leg 90 c. The backspan 90 a of each staple 90 has a triangular or V-shaped configuration and includes a central portion that is offset from a common plane defined by the first and second legs 90 b, 90 c of the staple 90. As such, the backspan 90 a extends outwardly of the shelf 96 of the staple pocket 72 and into a respective slot 86 defined by the cartridge body 70 such that movement of pusher fingers 100 of the sled 38 through the slots 86 of the cartridge body 70 causes the staples 90 to be ejected from the staple pockets 72 as described in detail below.

The presently disclosed staple geometry facilitates deformation of the staple 90 from a non-deformed configuration to a deformed or closed configuration (FIG. 27) by deforming only the first, elongated leg 90 b towards the shorter leg 90 c. This eliminates the need for pushers that engage the backspan of staples, as are conventional in the prior art, to deform the staples 90. It is envisioned that the second leg 90 c may be completely removed from the staple 90.

Referring to FIGS. 7-9B, the sled 38 includes a hub 102, a plurality of fins 104, and the plurality of pusher fingers 100. The hub 102 defines a longitudinal bore 106 that receives the guide shaft 36 (FIG. 9). A cam member 108 is formed on an inner wall of the hub 102 within the longitudinal bore 106. The cam member 108 is configured to operatively engage the guide shaft 36 to effect indexing of the barrel 24 as described in detail below.

The plurality of pusher fingers 100 and the fins 104 of the sled 38 extend radially outwardly from the hub 102. Each of the plurality of fingers 100 is received within and is translatable through a respective slot 86 defined within the cartridge body 70 and is translatable through the slot 86 (FIG. 9B) in response to movement of the sled 38 about the guide shaft 36 to eject a row of the staples 90 (FIG. 4) from the cartridge body 70. Each of the fins 104 is positioned to translate through the knife slot 74 of a respective one of the cartridges 44 to prevent rotation of the barrel 24 in relation to the sled 38 as the tool assembly 26 is being fired. When the sled 38 is in a retracted position, the fins 104 are spaced proximally of the knife slots 74 such that the barrel 24 is rotatable in relation to the sled 38.

Each of the fins 104 supports a retainer 110 on its outer periphery. In embodiments, each retainer 110 includes a screw or rivet that is received within a bore 114 (FIG. 8) defined in an outer surface of one of the fins 104. The retainers 110 extend through elongated slots 116 (FIG. 1) in the cartridge housing 14 to prevent the sled 38 from rotating in relation to the cartridge housing 14. Each of the retainers 110 may include an enlarged head 110 a that has a width that is greater than the width of the slots 116 to prevent the retainer 110 from being disengaged from the housing 14.

In embodiments, the sled 38 also defines a pair of longitudinal channels 111 that extend from a proximal end of the sled 38 at least partially through the sled 38. The channels 111 are provided to facilitate securement of the sled 38 to the push rod 42 as described in detail below.

The clamping member 40 includes a hub 120 defining a longitudinal bore 122, and a vertical strut 124 and protrusions 125 that extend radially outward from the hub 120. A beam 126 is supported on the outer end of the vertical strut 124. The vertical strut 124 is dimensioned to extend through the knife slot 74 (FIG. 4) of an active cartridge 44 of the plurality of cartridges 44. As used herein, the term “active cartridge” refers to the cartridge 44 of the plurality of cartridges 44 that is currently aligned with the anvil 16. The beam 126 is supported on the vertical strut 124 to engage an outer surface of the anvil 16 as the clamp member 40 is moved distally through the cartridge assembly 12 to move the anvil 16 from an open position to a clamped position in relation to the cartridge assembly 12 and to define a maximum tissue gap between the cartridge assembly 14 and anvil 16 during firing.

The protrusions 125 of the clamping member 40 are positioned to engage ledges 58 a (FIG. 3) formed on the inner walls of the lower mounting member 58 (FIG. 3) of the mounting assembly 18 when the clamping member 40 is in a fully retracted position. Engagement of the protrusions 125 with the ledges 58 a moves the beam 126 of the clamping member 40 towards the cartridge assembly 12 to move the anvil 16 towards the cartridge assembly 12 and position the anvil 16 and the cartridge assembly 12 in a parked or closely approximated position as described below.

The clamping member 40 also defines longitudinal channels 128 that are aligned with the longitudinal channels 111 of the sled 38. The longitudinal channels 111 and 128 of the sled 38 and clamping member 40, respectively, receive rails 130 (FIG. 8) that extend from the distal end of the push rod 42 to secure the push rod 42 to the sled 38 and the clamping member 40. In embodiments, the channels 111 of the sled 38 are configured to receive the rails 130 of the push rod 42 to secure the push rod 42 to the sled 38 such that axial movement of the push rod 42 is translated into axial movement of the sled 38. In contrast, the channels 128 of the clamping member 40 have a height that is greater than the height of the rails 130 (FIG. 19A) to allow the clamping member 40 to move upwardly about the rails 130 when the protrusions 125 of the clamping member 40 engage the ledges 58 a of the lower mounting member 58 (FIG. 3) to facilitate movement of the tool assembly 26 of the surgical stapling device 10 to a parked position as described in further detail below. Since the clamping member 40 is positioned between the distal end of the push rod 42 and the proximal end of the sled 38, axial movement of the push rod 42 is also translated to axial movement of the clamping member 40. The rails 130 can be secured to the sled 38 using any of a variety of fastening techniques including sonic welding, friction, adhesives, pins, interlocking components, etc. When the push rod 42 is advanced by an actuation device 200 (FIG. 31), the push rod 42 advances the sled 38 and the clamping member 40 along the guide shaft 36 through the barrel 24 as described in detail below.

The push rod 42 has an elongated, flexible body 134 having first and second sidewalls 140 and is movable about the guide shaft 36. Each sidewall 140 defines an elongated cam slot 142 that has a substantially linear portion 143 along a majority of its length but has an angled distal portion 144 and a short distal linear portion 146 positioned distally of the angled distal portion 144. The cam slot 142 receives the pivot pin 30 that pivotally supports the proximal end of the anvil 16. As such, movement of the push rod 42 in relation to the pivot pin 30 moves the pivot pin 30 within the transverse through bore 50 of the cartridge housing 14 to change the position of the proximal end of the anvil 16 in relation to the barrel 24 of the cartridge assembly 12.

Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, although not shown, the surgical stapling device 10 is intended to be pivotally supported on the distal end of an actuation device 200 shown schematically in FIG. 31 such that the surgical stapling device can be articulated about an articulation axis that is transverse to axis “A” (FIG. 1). In order to articulate the surgical stapling device 10 about the articulation axis, the distal end of the articulation rod 21 is connected to one of the pins 60 that secure the upper and lower mounting members 56 and 58 of the mounting assembly 18 together at a position offset from the articulation axis. When the articulation rod 21 is moved in the direction indicated by arrow “A” in FIG. 11, the tool assembly 26 will pivot in the direction indicated by the arrow “B” in FIG. 11 and vice versa. As illustrated, the sidewalls 140 of the flexible body 134 of the push rod 42 bends about the articulation axis when the surgical stapling device 10 is fired with the tool assembly 26 in an articulated position.

Referring to FIGS. 12 and 13, the lower mounting member 58 defines openings 150. Each opening 150 receives a proximal end of a biasing member, e.g., a leaf spring 152. Each leaf spring 152 includes a bent portion 152 a and an elongated portion 152 b. The bent portion 152 a is securely fitted into the opening 150 of the lower mounting member 58 and the elongated portion 152 b is positioned to engage a ramped surface 156 at the proximal end of the anvil 16 to urge the anvil 16 towards the open position.

Referring to FIGS. 14-17, the guide shaft 36 defines a plurality of cam channels 160. Each of the cam channels 160 is movable to a position to receive the cam member 108 of the sled 38. Each cam channel 160 has a substantially straight portion 162 that extends the majority of the length of the guide shaft 36, an angled first guide surface 164 and an angled second guide surface 166. When the sled 38 is initially moved along the guide shaft 36 distally from a fully retracted position, the cam member 108 of the sled 38 will engage the first guide surface 164 to urge guide shaft 36 laterally of the sled 38. As discussed above, the sled 38 includes fins 104 that extend through the slots 116 (FIG. 1) of the housing 14 to prevent rotation of the sled 38 within the housing 14. Thus, engagement of the cam member 108 of the sled 38 and the first guide surface 164 of the guide shaft 36 causes rotation of the guide shaft 38 in a half indexing movement as described below. Engagement of the cam member 108 and the first guide surface 164 will occur prior to the fins 104 of the sled 38 entering the barrel 24 and the pusher fingers 100 of the sled 38 entering the slots 86 of the cartridge body 70 of the active cartridge 44 which would prevent rotation of the barrel within the housing 14. As discussed above, the barrel 24 is supported on the on the legs 84 a of the end cap 84 which is fixedly secured to the guide shaft 36. As such, when the cam member 108 of the sled 38 engages the first guide surface 164 of the guide shaft 36 and the guide shaft 36 rotates, the barrel 24 will also rotate. The first guide surface 164 is configured to rotate the barrel 60 degrees upon engagement with the cam member 108 of the sled 38. It is envisioned that if the barrel 24 were to include more or less than three cartridges 44, the configuration of the first cam surface 164 and/or the cam member 108 can be changed to achieve the desired degree of rotation of the barrel 24.

After the surgical stapling device 10 is fired and the sled 38 is moved through a retraction stroke towards its retracted position, the cam member 108 will engage the second guide surface 166 to rotate the guide shaft 36 sixty degrees in a half indexing movement as described below. As discussed above, engagement of the cam member 108 and the second guide surface 166 will occur after the fins 104 of the sled 38 exit the knife slots 74 of the barrel 24 and the pusher fingers 100 of the sled 38 exit the slots 86 of the cartridge body 70 of the cartridge 44 that was just fired.

In use, the surgical stapling device 10 is moved from a “parked position” through a first indexing step to an “open position”. From the “open position” the surgical stapling device 10 is moved to a “clamped position” and then through a firing stroke. After the surgical stapling device 10 is fired, the surgical stapling device 10 is moved through a retraction stroke wherein the surgical stapling device moves through a second indexing step. In the “parked position”, the anvil 16 is held in close alignment with the cartridge assembly 12. During the first indexing step, the barrel 24 is rotated to align a cartridge with the anvil 16 as described in further detail below. In the “open position”, the anvil 16 and cartridge assembly 12 are biased open by the leaf springs 152. In the “clamped position”, the anvil 16 is moved into close approximation with the cartridge assembly 12. During the firing stroke, the pusher fingers 100 of the sled 38 translate through the active cartridge 44 to engage and eject the staples 90 from the active cartridge 44. During the retraction stroke, the barrel 24 is moved through the second indexing step to rotate a new (unfired) cartridge partially toward the active position as described in detail below. Each of these positions and strokes will be described below.

FIGS. 18-19A illustrate a proximal end of the surgical stapling device 10 when the surgical stapling device 10 is in the parked position. In the parked position, the push rod 42 is in its fully retracted position with the pivot pin 30 positioned in the short distal linear portion 146 of the cam slot 142 of the push rod 42. In this position of the push rod 42, the pivot pin 30 is retained in the upper end of the through bore 50 of the cartridge 14 and the upper end of the elongated slot 68 of the mounting assembly 18 to hold the proximal end of the anvil 16 in close approximation with the cartridge assembly 12. When the push rod 42 is in its retracted position, the sled 38 and the clamping member 40 are positioned proximally of the barrel 24 (FIG. 21) and the protrusions 125 (FIG. 19A) of the clamping member 40 are engaged with the ledges 58 a of the lower mounting member 58 of the mounting assembly 18. When the protrusions 125 are positioned on the ledges 58 a of the lower mounting member 58, the beam 126 of the clamping member 40 is raised up into engagement with an outer surface 190 of a proximal end of the anvil 16 to retain the anvil 16 in engagement with the cartridge assembly 12.

In the parked position, the diameter of the stapling device 10 is minimized to facilitate insertion of the stapling device 10 through a small diameter cannula assembly (not shown). In addition, as best shown in FIG. 19, the cam member 108 is positioned slightly proximally of the first guide surface 164 of the guide shaft 36. It is also noted that in the parked position, the anvil is positioned halfway between two adjacent cartridges 44. More specifically, one half of each of two adjacent cartridges 44 is positioned in opposition to the anvil 16. As such, the pusher fingers 100 are not aligned with the cartridge slots 84 of the cartridge bodies 70.

When the push rod 42 is moved distally from its fully retracted position to move the tool assembly 26 from the “parked position” to the “open position”, the sled 38 and the clamping member 40 are moved distally about the guide shaft 36 in the direction indicated by arrows “C” in FIGS. 20 and 21. As the clamping member 40 moves distally about the guide shaft 36, the beam 126 of the clamping member 40 moves from a position in engagement with the outer surface 190 of the anvil 16 to a position located within the concavity 16 a in the outer surface 190 of the anvil 16, and the pivot pin 30 moves from the short distal linear portion 146 of the cam slot 142 of the push rod 42 through the angled distal portion 144 and into the substantially linear portion 143 of the cam slot 142. As such, the pivot pin 130 is pushed downwardly to lower end of the through bore 50 of the cartridge 14 and the lower end of the elongated slot 68 of the mounting assembly 18 to move the proximal end of the anvil 16 away from the cartridge assembly 16. In addition, the protrusions 125 (FIG. 19A) of the clamping member 40 move off of the ledges 58 a of the lower mounting member 58 of the mounting assembly 18 to allow the beam 126 to move away from the outer surface of the anvil 16. In this position, the leaf springs 152 urge the anvil 16 about the pivot member 30 in the direction indicated by arrow “D” in FIG. 21.

As shown in FIG. 21, in the open position of the tool assembly 26, the fins 104 of the sled 38 are positioned proximally of the barrel 24 and thus, are not received within the knife slots 74 of the cartridges 44. As the sled 38 moves about the guide shaft 36 from the “parked position” to the “open position”, the cam member 108 engages and moves past the first guide surface 164. As discussed above, the retaining members 110 are secured to the ends of fins 104 and extend through the slots 116 formed in the cartridge housing 14 to prevent rotation of the sled 38 about the guide shaft 36 within the housing 14 of the cartridge assembly 12. As such, when the cam member 108 of the sled 38 engages and moves past the first guide surface 164 of the guide shaft 36, the guide shaft 36 is rotated within the housing 14 to rotate the barrel 24 through a first indexing step as indicated by arrow “E” in FIG. 21. As discussed above, the first guide surface 164 and the cam member 108 are configured to cause the barrel 24 to rotate a new cartridge 44 from a non-active position to an active position in two steps. Thus, where the barrel 24 is formed from three cartridges, each indexing step rotates the barrel 60 degrees such that after two indexing steps, the barrel 24 is rotated 120 degrees to move a fresh cartridge to the active position. It is noted that prior to first use, the surgical stapling device 10 is provided with the barrel in an inactive position in which two cartridges 44 are partially aligned with the anvil 16. As such, during a first firing of the surgical stapling device 10, a cartridge 44 is moved into the active position in a single indexing step. After the first firing of the surgical stapling device 10, two indexing steps are required to position a fresh cartridge 44 into alignment with the anvil 16.

Referring to FIGS. 23-25, when the push rod 42 is advanced to move the tool assembly 26 from the “open position” to the “clamped position”, the sled 38 and the clamping member 40 are moved distally about the guide shaft 36 in the direction indicated by arrows “F” in FIGS. 23 and 24. As the clamping member 40 moves distally about the guide shaft 36, the beam 126 of the clamping member 40 moves from a position within the concavity 16 a to a position in engagement with the outer surface 190 of the anvil 16 at a position distally of the concavity 16 a to pivot the anvil 16 in the direction indicated by arrow “G” in FIG. 25 against the urging of the leaf springs 152 to the “clamped position”. As the push rod 42 moves distally through the housing 14 of the cartridge assembly 12, the pivot pin 30 moves through the substantially linear portion 143 of the cam clot 142 and is retained in the lower end of the through bore 50 of the cartridge 14 and the lower end of the elongated slot 68 of the mounting assembly 18. In the “clamped position”, the fins 104 of the sled 38 enter the knife slots 74 of the cartridges 44 to prevent further rotation of the barrel 24 in relation to the sled 38 within the housing 14 and the pusher fingers 100 of the sled 38 enter the slots 86 (FIG. 17) defined in the active cartridge.

Referring to FIGS. 26 and 27, when the push rod 42 is advanced from the “clamped position” to fire the tool assembly 26, the sled 38 and the clamping member 40 are moved distally about the guide shaft 36 in the direction indicated by arrow “H” in FIGS. 26 and 27. As the sled 38 and the clamping member 40 move distally about the guide shaft 36, the pusher fingers 100 of the sled 38 move into sequential engagement with the backspan 90 a of the staples 90 to force the first leg 90 b into the staple deforming recesses 32 of the anvil 16 to form D-shaped staples 90 through tissue. Concurrently, the clamping member 40 moves distally through the cartridge assembly 12 such that the knife 37 (FIG. 24) on the vertical strut 124 passes through the knife slot 74 of the active cartridge 44 and the knife slot 34 of the anvil 16 to cut tissue between the rows of staples 90. As the staples 90 are formed and the tissue is cut, the beam 126 of the clamping member 40 moves along the outer surface 190 of the anvil 16 to define a maximum tissue gap between the anvil 16 and the active cartridge during the firing stroke.

Referring to FIGS. 28 and 29, after the surgical stapling device is fired, the push rod 42 is moved through a retraction stroke to move the sled 38 and 40 in the direction indicated by arrow “I” in FIGS. 28 and 29 proximally within the cartridge assembly 14 towards a fully retracted position. When the sled 38 is moved to a partially retracted position in which the pusher fingers 100 and the fins 104 are positioned proximally of the barrel 24 and knife slots 74 of the cartridges 44, the cam member 108 (FIG. 24) engages and passes along the second guide surface 166 (FIG. 14) of the guide shaft 36. When the cam member 108 of the sled 38 engages and moves past the second guide surface 164 of the guide shaft 36, the guide shaft 36 is rotated within the housing 14 to rotate the barrel 24 through a second indexing step as indicated by arrow “J” in FIGS. 28 and 29. During the second indexing step, the barrel 24 is rotated to a position in which the spent (fired) active cartridge 44 is moved partially out of alignment with the anvil 16 and a fresh (unfired) cartridge 44 is moved partially into alignment with anvil 16. As discussed above with regard to the first indexing step, the second guide surface 164 and the cam member 108 are configured to cause the barrel 24 to rotate a new cartridge 44 from a non-active position to an active position in two steps. As such, after the surgical stapling device 10 is fired, a new cartridge 44 is rotated halfway to the active position during the second indexing step of the retraction stroke (FIGS. 28 and 29) and, thereafter, rotated to the full active position during movement of the tool assembly 26 from the “parked position” to the “open position” (FIG. 30) during a second actuation of the surgical stapling device 10.

After each firing of the surgical stapling device 10, the barrel 24 will be automatically indexed as described above, to place a fresh cartridge in the active position. Although the barrel 24 is shown to have three cartridges 44 and each indexing step is described as rotating the barrel 24 60 degrees, it envisioned that the barrel 24 may include two or more cartridges and that each indexing step should rotate the barrel 360 degrees divided by 2 times the number of cartridges 44. For example, if the barrel 24 is formed of four cartridges, each indexing step should rotate the barrel 24 360 degrees divided by (2×4) or 45 degrees. As such, the two indexing steps of a surgical stapling device 10 with a barrel 24 formed from four cartridges 44 would rotate the barrel 24 a total of 90 degrees to replace a spent cartridge with an unfired cartridge.

The surgical stapling device 10 can be connected to an actuation device such as the actuation device 200 shown schematically in FIG. 31 and described in detail below. Alternately, the surgical stapling device 10 can be connected to other types of actuation devices including manually operated hand held devices, robotically controlled devices, and/or other types of powered or manually actuated devices. The actuation device 200 includes a handle 202 including an actuator button 202 a and an adaptor 204 extending distally from the handle 202. In embodiments, the surgical stapling device 10 can be delivered in a packaged state with the tool assembly 26 in an open position and a cartridge in the active position. The surgical stapling device 10 can be loaded onto the adaptor 204 and the adaptor 204 can be secured to the handle 202. A clinician can check the operability of the surgical stapling device 10 by operating the actuation device to open and close the tool assembly 26 and/or articulate the tool assembly in relation to a longitudinal axis defined by the adaptor 204. Prior to insertion of the surgical stapling device 10 through a cannula, the actuation device 200 is operated to move the tool assembly 26 of the surgical stapling device 10 to the “parked position” (FIGS. 18 and 19) to minimize the diameter of the cartridge assembly 12. When this occurs, proximal movement of the sled 38 will move the barrel 24 through an indexing step to move the cartridge from the active position. After the tool assembly 26 is extended through the cannula, the actuation device 200 is operated to move the sled 38 and clamping member 40 distally to move the tool assembly 26 to the “open position” (FIGS. 20-22). As this occurs, the barrel 24 is moved through a second indexing step to move a cartridge back to the active position. Movement of the tool assembly 26 from the “parked position” to the “open position” allows the beam 126 of the clamping member 40 and the anvil 16 to move away from the cartridge assembly 12 to set a proper tissue gap between the anvil 16 and cartridge assembly 12. The status of the tool assembly 10 may be displayed on a LED screen 206 provided on the actuation device 200. With the tool assembly 26 in the open position, the surgical stapling device 10 can be manipulated to position the anvil 16 and cartridge assembly 12 about tissue and the actuation device 200 can be operated to clamp the tissue. Thereafter, the actuation device 200 can be operated to fire the surgical stapling device 10. Each of the cartridges 44 of the barrel 24 may be provided with a chip 208 including an integrated circuit that can be read by a processor 210 in the handle 202 to identify when the cartridge is spent and when the cartridge is fresh or loaded with staples.

After the surgical stapling device 10 is fired, the actuation device 200 can be operated to move the sled 38 and clamping member 40 through a retraction stroke and return the tool assembly 26 to the “open position”. At this point, if the clinician requires an additional surgical stapling procedure, the clinician can operate the actuation device 200 to position a fresh cartridge 44 in the active position. In embodiments, the actuation device may include a reload button that can be pressed to fully retract the sled 38 and subsequently readvance the sled 38 to the “open position” to move the barrel 24 through the two indexing steps. If the clinician determines that no further stapling procedure is required, the actuation device 200 can be operated to return the surgical stapling device 10 to the “parked position” to allow for removal of the tool assembly 26 from the cannula. The information stored in the cartridge chips 208 will prevent firing of a spent cartridge.

While several embodiments of the disclosure have been described, it is not intended that the disclosure be limited thereto, as it is intended that the disclosure be as broad in scope as the art will allow and that the specification be read likewise. Any combination of the above embodiments is also envisioned and is within the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of particular embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope of the claims appended hereto. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A surgical stapling device comprising; a housing; a plurality of cartridges coupled together to form a barrel, the barrel being rotatably supported within the housing, each of the cartridges defining a plurality of staple pockets and supporting a plurality of staples; an anvil coupled to the housing and movable in relation to the barrel between an open position and a clamped position, each of the cartridges being sequentially movable into an active position in alignment with the anvil; a guide shaft rotatably supported within the housing, the guide shaft being rotatably coupled to the barrel such that rotational movement of the guide shaft causes corresponding rotational movement of the barrel; a sled movably positioned within the housing to translate through the barrel to eject the staples from a first cartridge of the plurality of cartridges in the active position; wherein the sled and the guide shaft are configured such that movement of the sled through at least one of a firing stroke and a retraction stroke causes the barrel to rotate to move a second cartridge of the plurality of cartridges to the active position.
 2. The surgical stapling device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of cartridges includes three cartridges.
 3. The surgical stapling device of claim 1, wherein the guide shaft defines at least one cam channel including at least one guide surface, and the sled includes a cam member, the cam member being movable into engagement with the at least one guide surface to rotate the barrel to move the second cartridge of the plurality of cartridges to the active position.
 4. The surgical stapling device of claim 2, wherein the at least one guide surface includes first and second guide surfaces, the cam member being positioned to engage the first guide surface during the firing stroke and to engage the second guide surface during the retraction stroke.
 5. The surgical stapling device of claim 4, wherein engagement of the first guide surface of the guide shaft with the cam member of the sled moves the barrel through a first indexing step and engagement of the second guide surface of the guide shaft with the cam member of the sled moves the barrel through a second indexing step, wherein each of the first and second indexing steps rotates the barrel β degrees, wherein β is equal 360 divided by 2x, wherein x is the number of cartridges of the plurality of cartridges.
 6. The surgical stapling device of claim 5, wherein the plurality of cartridges includes three cartridges and each of the indexing steps rotates the barrel 60 degrees.
 7. The surgical stapling device of claim 1, further including a push rod, the push rod having a distal end operatively connected to the sled such that distal movement of the push rod causes distal movement of the sled.
 8. The surgical stapling device of claim 7, further including a clamping member operatively connected to the push rod such that distal movement of the push rod causes distal movement of the sled and the clamping member.
 9. The surgical stapling device of claim 8, wherein the sled includes a plurality of pusher fingers and each of the cartridges defines a plurality of slots that communicate with the plurality of staple pockets, the plurality of pusher fingers being positioned to translate through the plurality of slots of the cartridge positioned in the active position to eject the plurality of staples from the cartridge in the active position.
 10. The surgical stapling device of claim 9, wherein the clamping member includes a hub positioned about the guide shaft, a vertical strut extending radially outwardly of the hub and a beam supported on an end of the vertical strut and extending transversely of the vertical strut, each of the cartridges of the plurality of cartridges and the anvil defining a knife slot, the vertical strut being positioned to extend through the knife slots of the cartridge in the active position and of the anvil such that the beam is positioned to engage an outer surface of the anvil such that distal movement of the clamping member within the cartridge assembly causes the anvil to move from the open position to the clamped position.
 11. The surgical stapling device of claim 10, wherein the sled and the clamping member define longitudinal channels and the push rod includes distally extending rails, wherein the distally extending rails are received within the longitudinal channels of the sled and the clamping member to secure the push rod to the sled and the clamping member.
 12. The surgical stapling device of claim 11, wherein the longitudinal channels of the clamping member have a height that is greater than the height of the rails of the push rod such that the clamping member is movable about the guide shaft to move the beam of the clamping member in relation to the cartridge assembly.
 13. The surgical stapling device of claim 12, further including a mounting member supported on a proximal end of the housing, the mounting member being secured to the proximal end of the housing and to the a proximal end of the anvil by a pivot pin.
 14. The surgical stapling device of claim 13, wherein the mounting member defines an elongated slot that receives the pivot pin and the cartridge housing defines an elongated through bore that receives the pivot pin, the pivot pin being movable within the elongated slot of the mounting member and the elongated through bore of the cartridge housing to facilitate movement of the pivot pin and the proximal end of the anvil in relation to the proximal end of the mounting member and the proximal end of the cartridge housing.
 15. A surgical stapling instrument comprising; an actuation device; and a surgical stapling device including: a housing; a plurality of cartridges coupled together to form a barrel, the barrel being rotatably supported within the housing, each of the cartridges defining a plurality of staple pockets and supporting a plurality of staples; an anvil pivotally coupled to the housing, the anvil being movable in relation to the barrel between an open position and a clamped position, each of the cartridges being sequentially movable into an active position in alignment with the anvil; a guide shaft rotatably supported within the housing, the guide shaft being rotatably coupled to the barrel such that rotational movement of the guide shaft causes corresponding rotational movement of the barrel; a sled movably positioned within the housing to translate through the barrel to eject the staples from a first cartridge of the plurality of cartridges in the active position; wherein the sled and the guide shaft are configured such that movement of the sled through at least one of a firing stroke and a retraction stroke causes the barrel to rotate to move a second cartridge of the plurality of cartridges to the active position.
 16. The surgical stapling instrument of claim 15, wherein the activation device includes a handle and an adaptor supported on a distal end of the handle, the surgical stapling device being supported on a distal end of the adaptor.
 17. The surgical stapling instrument of claim 16, wherein the handle is electrically powered.
 18. The surgical stapling instrument of claim 17, wherein each of the cartridges of the plurality of cartridges has a chip including an integrated circuit and the handle includes a processor which can read the chip of each of the cartridges of the plurality of cartridges to identify whether each cartridge of the plurality of cartridges has been fired.
 19. The surgical stapling instrument of claim 18, wherein the handle includes an LED screen for indicating the current status of the surgical stapling device. 